According to a recent post on the Italian Citizenship Message Board, this is the process for checking the status of a jure matrimoni application:
First you register here: https://cittadinanza.interno.it/sicitt/registrazione_user
After registering, login again (https://cittadinanza.interno.it/sicitt/index2.jsp) and add your husband file with the K number and the date you have submitted in consulate.
Now I just need to figure out what the "K number" is.